Preface (ps-file) |
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1 Rings, Ideals and Standard Bases |
1.1 Rings, Polynomials and Ring Maps |
1.2 Monomial Orderings |
1.3 Ideals and Quotient Rings |
1.4 Local Rings and Localization |
1.5 Rings Associated to Monomial Orderings |
1.6 Normal Forms and Standard Bases |
1.7 The Standard Basis Algorithm |
1.8 Operations on Ideals and their Computation |
1.8.1 Ideal Membership |
1.8.2 Intersection with Subrings |
1.8.3 Zariski Closure of the Image |
1.8.4 Solvability of Polynomial Equations |
1.8.5 Solving Polynomial Equations |
1.8.6 Radical Membership |
1.8.7 Intersection of Ideals |
1.8.8 Quotient of Ideals |
1.8.9 Saturation |
1.8.10 Kernel of a Ring Map |
1.8.11 Algebraic Dependence and Subalgebra Membership |
2. Modules |
2.1 Modules, Submodules and Homomorphisms |
2.2 Graded Rings and Modules |
2.3 Standard Bases for Modules |
2.4 Exact Sequences and free Resolutions |
2.5 Computing Resolutions and the Syzygy Theorem |
2.6 Modules over Principal Ideal Domains |
2.7 Tensor Product |
2.8 Operations on Modules and their Computation |
2.8.1 Module Membership Problem |
2.8.2 Intersection with Free Submodules |
2.8.3 Intersection of Submodules |
2.8.4 Quotients of Submodules |
2.8.5 Radical and Zerodivisors of Modules |
2.8.6 Annihilator and Support |
2.8.7 Kernel of a Module Homomorphism |
2.8.8 Solving Systems of Linear Equations |
3. Noether Normalization and Applications |
3.1 Finite and Integral Extensions |
3.2 The Integral Closure |
3.3 Dimension |
3.4 Noether Normalization |
3.5 Applications |
3.6 An Algorithm to Compute the Normalization |
3.7 Procedures |
4. Primary Decomposition and Related Topics |
4.1 The Theory of Primary Decomposition |
4.2 Zero-dimensional Primary Decomposition |
4.3 Higher Dimensional Primary Decomposition |
4.4 The Equidimensional Part of an Ideal |
4.5 The Radical |
4.6 Procedures |
5. Hilbert Function and Dimension |
5.1 The Hilbert Function and the Hilbert Polynomial |
5.2 Computation of the Hilbert-Poincare Series |
5.3 Properties of the Hilbert Polynomial |
5.4 Filtrations and the Lemma of Artin-Rees |
5.5 The Hilbert-Samuel Function |
5.6 Characterization of the Dimension of Local Rings |
5.7 Singular Locus |
6. Complete Local Rings |
6.1 Formal Power Series Rings |
6.2 Weierstrass Preparation Theorem |
6.3 Completions |
6.4 Standard bases |
7. Homological Algebra |
7.1 Tor and Exactness |
7.2 Fitting Ideals |
7.3 Flatness |
7.4 Local Criteria for Flatness |
7.5 Flatness and Standard Bases |
7.6 Koszul Complex and Depth |
7.7 Cohen-Macaulay Rings |
7.8 Further Characterization of Cohen-Macaulayness |
A. Geometric Background |
A.1 Introduction by Pictures (ps-file) |
A.2 Affine Algebraic Varieties |
A.3 Spectrum and Affine Schemes |
A.4 Projective Varieties |
A.5 Projective Schemes and Varieties |
A.6 Morphisms between Varieties |
A.7 Projective Morphisms and Elimination |
A.8 Local versus Global Properties |
A.9 Singularities |
B. SINGULAR - A Short Introduction (ps-file) |
B.1 Downloading Instructions |
B.2 Getting Started |
B.3 Procedures and Libraries |
B.4 Data Types |
B.5 Functions |
B.6 Control Structures |
B.7 System Variables |
B.8 Libraries |
B.9 SINGULAR and Maple |
B.10 SINGULAR and Mathematica |
B.11 SINGULAR and MuPAD |
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References (ps-file) |
Index (ps-file) |
Algorithms |
SINGULAR Examples
SINGULAR Examples
algebraic dependence, 87 |
annihilator, 186 |
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Betti numbers, 135 |
- graded, 137 |
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classification of singularities, 493 |
computation |
- in fields, 5 |
- in polynomial rings, 7 |
- in quotient rings, 25 |
- of d(I,K[x]), 222 |
- of Hom, 106 |
- of the dimension, 211 |
- of Tor, 340 |
computing with radicals, 27 |
counting nodes, 489 |
creating ring maps, 8 |
cyclic decomposition, 159 |
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deformation of singularities, 495 |
degree, 289 |
- of projection, 469 |
- of projective variety, 478 |
diagonal form, 154 |
dimension, 289 |
- embedding, 304 |
- of a module, 302 |
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elimination |
- and resultant, 431 |
- of module components, 180 |
- of variables, 71 |
- projective, 466 |
equidimensional |
- decomposition, 263 |
- part, 261 |
estimating the determinacy, 491 |
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finite maps, 196 |
finiteness test, 324 |
Fitting ideal, 186, 345 |
flat locus, 356 |
flatness test, 369 |
flattening stratification, 352 |
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global versus local rings, 35 |
graded |
- Betti numbers, 137 |
- rings and modules, 116 |
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highest corner, 60 |
Hilbert |
- function, 289 |
- polynomial, 299 |
Hilbert-Poincare series, 282 |
homogeneous resolution, 137 |
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ideal membership, 68 |
image of module homomorphism, 99 |
independent set, 220 |
initial ideal, 299 |
injective, 420 |
integral |
- closure of an ideal, 202 |
- elements, 195 |
intersection |
- of ideals, 79 |
- of submodules, 102, 181 |
inverse of a power series, 316 |
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Jacobian criterion, 304 |
Jordan normal form, 163 |
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kernel |
- of a ring map, 85 |
- of module homomorphism, 99, 187 |
Koszul complex, 378 |
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leading data, 11 |
linear combination of ideal members, 68 |
local and global dimension, 472 |
lying over theorem, 225 |
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maps induced by Hom, 96 |
matrix operations, 94 |
Milnor and Tjurina number, 488 |
minimal |
- associated primes, 209 |
- presentations, 109 |
module |
- annihilator, 186 |
- membership, 178 |
- presentation of, 104 |
- quotient, 102 |
- radical and zerodivisors, 184 |
monomial orderings, 16 |
morphisms of projective varieties, 455 |
multiplicity, 480 |
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Noether normalization, 216 |
non-normal locus, 232 |
normal form, 51, 123 |
normalization, 230 |
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Poincare series, 299 |
presentation of a module, 104 |
primary |
- decomposition, 258 |
- test, 252 |
projective |
- closure, 443 |
- elimination, 466 |
- Nullstellensatz, 437 |
- subschemes, 446 |
properties of ring maps, 20 |
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quotient |
- of ideals, 81 |
- of submodules, 102, 183 |
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radical, 184, 265 |
- membership, 78 |
realization of rings, 42 |
reduction to zero-dimensional case, 257 |
regular |
- sequences, 372 |
- system of parameters, 304 |
regularity test, 400 |
resolution, 135 |
- homogeneous, 137 |
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saturation, 83, 446 |
Schreyer resolution, 150 |
singular locus, 309 |
solving equations, 76 |
- linear, 189 |
standard bases, 59, 124 |
subalgebra membership, 87 |
submodules, 104 |
- intersection of, 102, 181 |
- of An, 98 |
sum of submodules, 102 |
surface plot, 407, 413 |
surjective, 420 |
syzygies, 141 |
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tangent cone, 480 |
tensor product |
- of maps, 170 |
- of modules, 172 |
- of rings, 175 |
test |
- for Cohen-Macaulayness, 386, 392, 394 |
- for flatness, 354 |
- for local freeness, 347 |
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Weierstrass polynomial, 321 |
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Zariski closure of the image, 74 |
zero-dimensional primary decomposition, 253 |
zerodivisors, 184 |
z-general power series, 320 |
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